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| Registros recuperados: 145 | |
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| Hanna, Susan S; Oregon State University; susan.hanna@oregonstate.edu. |
| Institutions are the mechanisms that integrate the human and ecological spheres. This paper discusses the institutional challenge of integrating salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) ecosystems and human systems in ways that effectively promote resilience. Salmon recovery in the Columbia River Basin demonstrates the challenge. Despite the comprehensive scope of Basin salmon management, it has a number of problems that illustrate the difficulties of designing institutions for ecosystem and human system resilience. The critical elements of salmon ecosystem management are incentives and transaction costs, and these comprise a large piece of missing institutional infrastructure. Once the focus is placed on incentives and costs, a number of different management strategies... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Columbia River Basin; Ecosystems; Human systems; Incentives; Institutions; Resilience; Salmon; Transaction costs. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Karunanithi, Arunprakash T; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268; karunanithi.arunprakash@epa.gov; Cabezas, Heriberto; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268; cabezas.heriberto@epa.gov; Frieden, B. Roy; University of Arizona, Optical Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85721; roy.frieden@optics.arizona.edu; Pawlowski, Christopher W.; RD Zande and Associates, Cincinnati, OH 45249; cw_pawlowski@yahoo.com. |
| Ecosystem regime shifts, which are long-term system reorganizations, have profound implications for sustainability. There is a great need for indicators of regime shifts, particularly methods that are applicable to data from real systems. We have developed a form of Fisher information that measures dynamic order in complex systems. Here we propose the use of Fisher information as a means of: (1) detecting dynamic regime shifts in ecosystems, and (2) assessing the quality of the shift in terms of intensity and pervasiveness. Intensity is reflected by the degree of change in dynamic order, as determined by Fisher information, and pervasiveness is a reflection of how many observable variables are affected by the change. We present a new robust methodology to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystems; Fisher information; Marine ecosystem; Regime shifts; Resilience; Sustainability.. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Barnett, Jon; School of Geography, University of Melbourne; jbarn@unimelb.edu.au; Evans, Louisa S; Geography, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University; louisa.evans@exeter.ac.uk; Gross, Catherine; Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University; catherine.gross@anu.edu.au; Kiem, Anthony S; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle; anthony.kiem@newcastle.edu.au; Kingsford, Richard T.; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; richard.kingsford@unsw.edu.au; Palutikof, Jean P.; National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility, Griffith University; j.palutikof@griffith.edu.au; Pickering, Catherine M; School of Environment, Griffith University; c.pickering@griffith.edu.au; Smithers, Scott G; College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University; scott.smithers@jcu.edu.au. |
| Research on the barriers and limits to climate change adaptation identifies many factors, but describes few processes whereby adaptation is constrained or may indeed fail to avoid catastrophic losses. It often assumes that barriers are by and large distinct from limits to adaptation. We respond to recent calls for comparative studies that are able to further knowledge about the underlying drivers of barriers and limits to adaptation. We compare six cases from across Australia, including those in alpine areas, rivers, reefs, wetlands, small inland communities, and islands, with the aim of identifying common underlying drivers of barriers and limits to adaptation. We find that the path-dependent nature of the institutions that govern natural resources and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Communities; Cultures; Ecosystems; Markets; Path dependence; Transformation; Values. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Anthony, Abigail; University of Rhode Island; abigailanthony@gmail.com; Atwood, Joshua; University of Rhode Island; josh.atwood@gmail.com; August, Peter; University of Rhode Island; pete@edc.uri.edu; Byron, Carrie; University of Rhode Island; carriebyron@mail.uri.edu; Cobb, Stanley; University of Rhode Island; scobb@uri.edu; Foster, Cheryl; University of Rhode Island; cherylf@uri.edu; Fry, Crystal; University of Rhode Island; cfry315@gmail.com; Gold, Arthur; University of Rhode Island; agold@uri.edu; Hagos, Kifle; University of Rhode Island; kwhagos@gmail.com; Heffner, Leanna; University of Rhode Island; leanna.heffner@gmail.com; Kellogg, D. Q; University of Rhode Island; qkellogg@uri.edu; Lellis-Dibble, Kimberly; University of Rhode Island; kimberlylellis@yahoo.com; Opaluch, James J; University of Rhode Island; JimO@URI.Edu; Oviatt, Candace; University of Rhode Island; coviatt@gsosun1.gso.uri.edu; Pfeiffer-Herbert, Anna; University of Rhode Island; annaph@gso.uri.edu; Rohr, Nicole; University of Rhode Island; nicoro12@gmail.com; Smith, Leslie; University of Rhode Island; leslie.smith@gso.uri.edu; Smythe, Tiffany; ; tcsmythe@my.uri.edu; Swift, Judith; University of Rhode Island; jswift@uri.edu; Vinhateiro, Nathan; University of Rhode Island; nate@gso.uri.edu. |
| Lagoons are highly productive coastal features that provide a range of natural services that society values. Their setting within the coastal landscape leaves them especially vulnerable to profound physical, ecological, and associated societal disturbance from global climate change. Expected shifts in physical and ecological characteristics range from changes in flushing regime, freshwater inputs, and water chemistry to complete inundation and loss and the concomitant loss of natural and human communities. Therefore, managing coastal lagoons in the context of global climate change is critical. Although management approaches will vary depending on local conditions and cultural norms, all management scenarios will need to be nimble and to make full use of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coastal lagoons; Ecosystems; Social values. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| PRADO, R. B.; MONTEIRO, J. M. G.; BARROS, L. C. de; PARRON, L. M.; SILVA, M. S. G. M. e; RIBEIRO, P. E. de A.; FIGUEIREDO, R. de O.. |
| This chapter presents an overview of anthropogenic pressures on water resources and their ecosystems, some strategies for conserving these resources for water production, as well as a picture of Embrapa's actions with the potential to contribute to the achievement of the target 6.6 of the SDG 6: protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes by 2020. The technological solutions that Embrapa research has generated are related to the reduction of the erosive processes and the sedimentation of the water bodies; planning, monitoring and valuation of ecosystem services, with emphasis on water resources; to conservation practices with consequences for maintaining the quantity and quality of water,... |
| Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E) |
Palavras-chave: Manejo de Água; Recurso Hídrico; Ecossistema; Water management; Water resources; Ecosystems. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1131137 |
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| VILELA, G. F.; BENTES, M. P. de M.; OLIVEIRA, Y. M. M. de; MARQUES, D. K. S.; SILVA, J. C. B.. |
| This publication presents contributions from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15, whose theme is Life on Land: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. |
| Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E) |
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Ecossistema; Tecnologia Agrícola; Biossegurança; Controle Biológico; Sustainable development; United Nations; Ecosystems; Application technology; Biological control. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1114549 |
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